Casement-window operator



July 29, 1930. J. LINDSAY 1,771,543

CASEMENT WINEOW OPERATOR Filed Aug. 24, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet l g eoood @000001 7 L l 1 i 37 /4 /2 0 6 76% l@ 40 4/ l 4/ 40 h2! l f i o L Q/ I 777 5 y [36, g PMN/niet July 29, 1930. 1. LINDSAY 1,771,543

CASEMENT WINDOW OPERATOR Filed Aug. 24, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 flttozmq o Patented July 29, 1930 muren STATES JOHN LINDSAY, or sAN FRANCISCO, cALiFonNIA v CASEMENT-WINDOW OPERATOR Application led August 2.4, 1925. Serial'No 52,247.

This invention relates to improvements Vin easement windows, and has particular reference to mechanism for operating the sash or sashes, as the case may be, to openvand The general objectief the invention is the provision of a construction adapt-ed to provide a hanger or support for the sash or sashes of a Casement window and which is 1o adapted to extend into a room and beyond the easement window to which it is applied. so that the sashes of the window may be readily operated to open and to close from a point within the room, and thereby permit of the installation of a fly screen in the window frame and between the sashes and the interior of the room without hindrance to the operation of opening and closing the sashes;Y i The above and other objects are accomplished by instrumentalities'pointed out; in

the following speciiication.` v Y The `invention is clearly dened in the claims.

A satisfactory embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming part of the speoication and in which 4 J Y Figure 1 is an elevation ofa casement window from the interior of a room, and showing my invention applied thereto, parts of the frame being broken away to disclose the construction and relation of other parts.

Figure 2 is a transverse section approximately on the line 2-2 of Figure 1, and lool.-

ing in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary cross-sectional plan taken on the plane of Figure 2, but showing the sashes in closed position.

`Figure 4 is a vertical cross-section taken through the upper portion of the window frame and showing in transverse cross-section a connection between the upper portion of one of thesashes Vand the head of the frame.

Figure 5 is a view on a slightly reduced scale taken on the line 5;-5 of Figure 4, and

looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 6 is a vertical cross-section taken through the middle lower portion ofthe window frame.

e Figure 7 is a longitudinal section on the line 7-7 of Figure 6, looking in the direction i of the arrows. 1 v Y Figure Sis a sectional plan ofa modied form of Casement window provided `with a' single shaft and showing the lower part of a modified form of my invention applied thereto. i Y

Figure 9 is a side elevation of the lock` casing with aside plate removed to show the lock; 'y l Figure 10 is a detail contracted perspective of one of the shoes and racks, and

Figure 11 is a ,fragmentary plan view of one of the shoes and racks.

In carrying out my invention, I provide an operating member in the form of a crank handle 5 and dispose this member on the interior side of the window frame a so that it may be operatedfrom the interior' of the room. As shown in Figure 1,`the crank handle 5 is disposed atthe middle portion of the lower sidel of the window frame a and is connected to a shaft 6 which extends transversely through the middle portion-,of a pocket 7 underneath the stool 8. A bearing in the form of a casing 7 9 is provided for the inner end of the shaft; 6 as shown in Figure 6, and an'addit-ional bearing is provided for the outer end of the shaft by means of a Casing 10 herein shown as being substantially in the form of an inverted U exceptthat one side is a trifle longer than the other and terminates ina laterally bent portion 11 which is suit-ably secured by nailsor their equivalents 12 to the bottom of the pocket7. 0n the outer end portion of the'shaft 6 and within the casing 10 I provide" a toothed pinion lwhich operates an upper rac-k member 14 extending through the upper portion of the casing 10 and a lower rack member 15 extending through the lower portion ofthe said casing 10. The said rack members 14jand 15 extend longitudinally of the sill 16' and are adapted to move in opposite directions when the pinion 13 is turned through the crank handle 5 and shaft 6. The offset portions 17 of a pair of shoes 18 and 19 are disposed in alinement with the casing 10 andas shown in Figure 6 the uppery rack member 14 is connected, as at 20, to the upper face of offset portion17 of the shoe 19, and

the lower rack member 15 is connected, as at 21, to the lower face of the offset portion 17 of shoel8. The portions of the shoes 18 and 19 located beyond the casing 10 are provided on their under sides with open-ended recesses 22 which slidably receive the upstandin portion 23 of a track 24 which extends long1tudi-Y nally of .the sill and is secured thereto, as indicated at 25 in Figure 2. y

The sash members 26 and 27 are supported by the shoes 18 and 19 and are moved thereby and connected thereto in any suitable manner. In the present instance I have shown the meeting stiles of the sash members 26 and 27 as being provided with sockets in their lower ends which receive pivot pins .28 extending vertically upward from the shoes 18 .and 19. The points ofconnection between the sash members 26 and 27 andthe .shoes are such that the rabbeted meeting stiles ,of the sash members are permitted tooverlap when the sash members are in closed .position, asfshown in Figure 3. In connecting the upper portion of .the sash members 26 and 27 to the head of a window frame a, I arrange a track member longitudinally of a lining 28 which is disposed parallel with the head member 29. The `track ispreferably of angular cross-sectional contour with one .side portion 30 disposed horizontally and secured as by screws 31 vto la longitudinal rabbet vin the liner .28. The `other side portion 32 of the track depend-s vertically downward and'is channeled longitudinally as shown in Figure 4, the lchannel Vof the track :opening outwardly through one sidefand extending into the chan-- nel are inverted U-shaped extensions 33 Aout shoes '34, one Aof which is shown in Figure 4, the said shoes being'conn'ected to pivot .pins 35 ysecured in the upper ends of theV meeting stiles of the sashes 26 and A27 in alinement with the pivot pins 28 of `the lower shoes. The channeled portion of therail and the inverted `U-shaped shoes 33 are respectively disposed in alinement with the lower track and the 'slots 22 of the lower shoes.

.A pair of lower links 36 and 37 have their inner ends pivota-lly rconnected to fixed points V38 and 39 herein vshown in the form of pins extending upwardly from plates 40 ixedly secured to fixed supports 41 within the pocket 7. rIhe outer ends of the links are pivoted to the lower rails of the' sash members 26 and 27 at points between the shoes and the free ends of the said sash members. When the sash members are in closed position, as shown in Figure 3, the links 36 and 37 converge toward the meeting stiles of the sashes and `when in this position they are in vertical alinement with the upper link members 42 and 43 which are connected'to lixed points in the form of screws 44 secured to the lower face of theliner 28l and to the pivotpins 35. With this construction it is obvious that when hand poweris applied'to the crank handle 5 in Figure 3, the outer ends of the links 36, 37, 42 and 43,*or those ends connected to the sashes, will be forced outwardly, whereupon the rem-cte stiles of the sashes, or those in contact with the opposite sides of the window frame as, will move outward and away from the window frame and, at the same time, the upper and lower shoes sliding upon their respective tracks and carrying with them the sashes 26 and 27 will move the meeting stiles toward theopposite sides of the window frame. In ythis lmovement of the sashes, the links '36 and 37 operate to turn the sashes upon their pivotal .connections with their respective shoes, and the turning movement continues kuntil the shoes abutsuitable stops arranged in their path of movement.

For purposes of illustration, I have shown the stops which are :indicated by 45 arran ed so as to intercept the shoes afterthe sas es have turned for approximately 90. It will be noted that in opening the window .the Stiles adj acentito the window fra/megas distinguished from the meeting Stiles, :move 0ut wardly and the meeting st-iles move away from one a nother,the sash stiles and window frame being beveled, as indicated by 46, Lin order'to' permit of free outward movement of the free sides of thesashes.

:It `is to be further noted that these peculiar swinging movements oi. the 'sashes 26 and 27 afford a greater Iarea of ventilating space when the sashes are partly opened, 'or .at lan obtuse angle, than Iwould be Yhad if the sashes were pivotally :connected to the -sides of 'the window trame.

In Figure 52,1 showthe -s'ashes 26 and 27 as extending in full open position. In this gpositiOn, theY sashes extend almost :at 'right ang-les. to the plane iof the window opening. When the sashes are ,partial-'ly opened, 'they will be inclined at a more acute angle with respect to the Vplane of the window opening. If now air is blowing'para-llel with the wall of the building and toward `the rightwhen looking at Figure Y2, the sash 127 will deflect a portion :of the air into the room. This air will circulate'through the room and then will flow out through' the o-pening'provided between the side of the wi'ndowcasement and the sash rlhe reason :tor this .movement lies in the factth'a-t Vthe 'air pressure between the sash 27 and the side of vthe window frame' is greater than the air pressure between the sash 26 andtheopp'osite side oi the window frame.

The reverse is true should the air be -moving parallel with the kwall of thezbuilding and in an opposite direction to that which it formerly took. In this case, the air would be deflected into the room by means yof the sash 26, vand 'after circulating tlrro'ugh'the room, it would flow out through the space provided by the sash 27 and the side'o'f the window iframe.

. building wall, it would flow through the space provided between the sashes 26 and 27, and after circulating through the room, it would enit through the spaces'provided by the sashes 26 and 27 and their respective sides ofthe frame. It will further be seen that regardless of the direction in which the air is flowing, it will be forced into the room and then out again.

In Figure 8 I show a modified form of my invention inuse in connection with a case ment window provided with a single sash In this connection, a crank handle 48 47. is disposed as described in connection with the preferred form of the device and is connected to a shaft 49 which'operates a pinion, not shown, but similar in construction to the pinion 13, which is disposed within the casing 50, similar Vto the casing 10. A single rack 51 is disposed so as to mesh with the teeth of the pinion within the casing and at one end is connected, as at 52, to the offset portion 53 of a shoe 54 that is connected by a pivot pin to the lower end of one of the stiles of the sash 47. The shoe 54 is adapted to slide upon a track similar in construction to the track 23 and in vertical alinement with the track at the upper portion of the window frame 56, and not shown, but corresponding in construction with the track indicated by 30 and 82 in Figure 4. The upper rail oi the sash is provided with a shoe similar in construction to the shoe 33` in Figure 4 and designed to slide upon the said upper trackA and the upper rail is pivotally connected to the sash in verticalY alinement with the lower pivotal connection 55 in the same manner as illustrated Vfor the: preferred form in Figure 4. y f i.

In connection with the modified form, the lower link 57 is greater in length than the corresponding link of the preferred form and extends obliquely between the sash and one side of the frame as shown in Figure 8. A link corresponding in length to the link 57 is provided for the upper portion oi" the sash.

The operation of the modiiied forml is v obvious whentaken in connection with the description of the preferred form. The full line position in Figure `8 shows the sash 47 in closed position and the dotted line position shows the sash when opened, the opening being eii'ected by turning the crank handle in a contra-clockwise direction. In connection with the preferred and modified forms, a suitable lock is provided for locking the windowagainst out-ward movement when closed or in any of its adjusted positions. The preferred form of lock is shown in Figures 6 and 9 where 58 indicates a ratchet wheel rigidly secured to the shaft- 6 and disposed within the casing 9. A pawl n 59 is pivoted within the casing,-as indicated by 60 in Figure 9, and `atone end is provided with a push button 61^Which projects upwardly through an' opening in the upper side of the casing 9. A leaf spring 62 secured as at 63 to the inner side of a wall "of the casing-9 is adapted to yieldingly hold the'engaging end of the pawl in contact with the teeth of the .ratchet 58.

With thisA construction the pawl yields when the handle 5 is turned to close the sashes from their open position, and when it is desired to open the sash or sashes from the closed position, the button 61 is depressed to disengage the pawl from the ratchet.

Although I have shown and described one embodiment of my invention, it is to be understood that the same is susceptible of various changes; and I reserve the right to employ such as may come within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a window, the combination of slidable and turnable sash mounting means for moving two sashes and interiorly disposed manually operable means connected directly to the window frame and to the sash mounting means for operating the latter and the sashes carried thereby to slide and turn 'simultaneously.

2. In a easement window construction, guiding means disposed at the bottom of the window, sash moving members slidably disposed in said guide, sashes carried by said sash moving members and extending over said guiding means when said sashes are in closed position.

3. A device of the type described comprising 'a easement, a sash, means for pivotally and slidably connecting `one edge of said sash to said easement, said means including a pair of shoes, having pins rotatably mounted in said sash, `links connecting said sash with said casement,`said link connectingv means including abracket pivotally secured icc to each link and screws for connecting each bracket with said easement and manual means for moving one of said shoes.

V4. A easement window comprising a window frame, two sashes movable therein, concealed means for simultaneously sliding and swinging said sashes int-o open or closed positions, exposed manually-controlled means disposed on the inside of said window for actuating said concealed means, and a lock for said sash moving means for preventing the sashes from being manually grasped and swung into a more open position, but permitting the closing of the sashes.

' 5. A casement window comprising a window frame having beveled sides, sashes movable in said frame and having beveled edges abutting the beveled sides when the sashes4 are closed, the adjacent edges of said sides being designed to abut one another, and to have overlappng portions'making a Water tightxilosnne, and concealed means including fan V:eX-posed @pereting A vhandle for simultane- 0115-151 sliding and swinging said sashes into open position, the initial movement rcausing the beveled lsash edges to swing away'from the beveled "frame edges andwthe abutting sash edges it@ move away from each ether.

JOHN LINDSAY. 

